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29 August 2024, Colombo
The second edition of Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF)/Doctors Without Borders South Asia’s Health and Humanity Summit, held in Colombo, Sri Lanka on 29th August 2024 sparked a crucial dialogue on issues affecting women health, people on the move, and humanitarian space in the South Asian region.
The summit brought together 20 leading experts, thought leaders, academicians, and more than 200 attendees from the social impact arena. The gathering also called for concrete strategies to break the barriers in regional collaboration and pave the way for a more inclusive future for humanitarian efforts in South Asia.
Dr Farhat Mantoo, Executive Director of Médecins Sans Frontières(MSF) South Asia, opened the ceremony with a powerful address on ‘Power and Privilege – The Invisible Majority’. She said, “Today, we have come together to keep humanity alive. We are all human, and each of us has a role to play. True transformation goes beyond adaptation—it requires being a catalyst in civil society to drive change and bring prominence to issues that are invisible to many. By fostering dialogue and connecting local actors, we can alter the power imbalance and create a more effective humanitarian approach.”
The keynote speaker for the event was Dr Radhika Coomaraswamy. A global voice on human rights, she shared her insights on inclusivity and empowering women as agents of change in global humanitarian movements. “Women’s health measures are an essential indicator of the overall healthcare system of the country. They not only reflect access to healthcare services and highlight the likelihood of insufficient infrastructure but also provide important insights into a country’s status, including its social and political indicators”, said Dr Coomaraswamy.
The first session, ‘Through Her Eyes: Understanding Women’s Vulnerabilities in Migration’, was moderated’ by Dr Santhushya Fernando from the Faculty of Medicine at University of Colombo. It explored the critical issue of heightened vulnerability which is experienced by women and girls on the move. One of the panelists, Hafsar Tameesuddin, Co-Secretary General of the Asia Pacific Refugee Rights Network, stressed the “desperate need for practical solutions and frameworks that support women in escaping abusive situations and truly empower them.”
The second session, ‘Convergence for Change: Dynamics of Regional Solidarity’, delved into the complexities of regional solidarity and posed critical questions about whether the region truly operates as a cohesive bloc in addressing humanitarian crises. Heela Najibullah, a Peace and Conflict Researcher from Afghanistan, remarked, “As a woman from a country where half the population is silenced and erased from society, I feel a deep responsibility to speak out. My plea to governments and networks & organisations working on women’s issues is clear: it’s time to prioritize education and provide women with opportunities”.
The third session brought together a distinguished panel to address ‘Structural Inequity: Access to Medical Treatment’, moderated by Ghada Khemissi, Head of Programmes Unit, MSF South Asia. The panel shed light on the stark realities of global health disparities, particularly in areas ravaged by conflict, disasters, and systemic neglect. Dr Mohga Kamal-Yanni, Senior policy and technical advisor to UNAIDS and the People Vaccine Alliance shed light on structural barriers to access to healthcare. She said, “There’s no transparency in the true cost of these drugs. The real problem is that the system is built to prioritize profit over public health. It has been a long journey to shift this focus, but thanks to the MSF Access Campaign, we’re slowly but steadily making progress”.
The final session on ‘Reclaiming Spaces: Collective Action to Safeguard Civil Society’ was moderated by human rights activist Ruki Fernando. It discussed the crucial need for governments and global leaders to participate in expanding and safeguarding civic spaces actively. Panelist and Pakistani political commentator Marvi Sirmed highlighted civil society as both a “beacon of hope” and a “battleground”. She emphasized its crucial role in shaping democracy. The session concluded with a powerful reminder: “Reclaiming civic spaces is a collective responsibility, and it falls on each one of us.”
Beyond these discussions, a standout feature of the event was MSF’s Humanity Heals exhibition, an immersive experience blending art and installations that powerfully captured the stories, struggles, and resilience of vulnerable communities. Key exhibits included ‘Home in a Bag’, which starkly illustrated the harsh realities for women forced to flee their homes, focusing on the personal items they carry—symbols of their resilience and strength in crises. ‘Untangling’ used interactive threads to reveal how intersectional issues hinder regional solidarity, inviting viewers to explore the complex barriers to unity. ‘Shrinking Space’ featured 3D cutouts of news headlines, spotlighting the repression, censorship, and surveillance stifling civil society in South Asia and underscoring the urgent need to protect this space. ‘For All’ delved into the inequalitieqs in healthcare access, challenging visitors to envision solutions to the world’s most pressing health challenges.
In the closing remarks, delivered by former MSF International President Dr Unni Krishnan Karunakara, the focus was on the future of humanitarian health. “Today, we face wicked problems—complex, ill-defined issues that resist straightforward solutions. There are no humanitarian solutions to humanitarian problems; what’s needed is political will. Peace comes when the bombs stop falling when attacks on healthcare facilities cease, and when everyone has access to vaccines and healthcare”, said Dr. Karunakara.
By bringing together diverse perspectives across humanitarian work, healthcare, and innovation, MSF is dedicated to fostering the spirit of collaboration in the region. The ultimate goal is to strengthen efforts and create a cohesive strategy to address the pressing needs facing our communities.
Speakers in order of appearance:
Panelists: Paula Gil (MSF Spain), Sergio Martín (MSF Asia), Hafsar Tameesuddin (Asia Pacific Refugee Rights Network), Priyali Sur (The Azadi Project), Ambassador Shyam Saran (Former Indian Foreign Secretary), Heela Najibullah (Peace and Conflict Researcher, Afghanistan), Dr. Mohga Kamal-Yanni (UNAIDS, People Vaccine Alliance), Dr. Unni Krishnan Karunakara (Former MSF International President), Eldred Tellis (Sankalp Rehabilitation Trust), Marvi Sirmed (Political Commentator, Pakistan), Bhavani Fonseka (Centre for Policy Alternatives, Sri Lanka), Smriti Singh (Amnesty International)
Keynote speakers and moderators: Dr. Farhat Mantoo (MSF South Asia), Dr. Radhika Coomaraswamy (Former UN Under-Secretary-General), Lina AbiRafeh (Women’s Rights Activist), Dr. Santhushya Fernando (University of Colombo), Dr Ravi Rannan Eliya (Institute of Health Policy, Sri Lanka), Ghada Khemissi (MSF South Asia), Ruki Fernando (Human rights activist)
Accessibility of medicines is a sensitive issue, and one that cannot be examined in isolation. Access to medicines is intrinsically linked with principles of equality, non-discrimination, and transparency. By using a rights-based model, MSF has worked towards achieving more equitable access to medicines for a variety of diseases, including viral hepatitis, diabetes, and drug-resistant tuberculosis.
A key part of the rights-based humanitarian response has been to address the need for affordable treatment, which requires funders and governments to scale up public health programmes. Through prioritizing improved funding, treatments, and diagnostics for diseases, civil society can effectively contribute towards lowering exorbitant drug prices, so that everyone is able to access humanitarian medical treatments, regardless of their background. In this context, it is imperative to recognize the importance of civil society collaborations and movements. Let’s join hands and work towards establishing a more equitable system of humanitarian healthcare.
South Asia is grappling with a wide range of humanitarian issues, from natural disasters to socio-political discord. Recent events in the region illustrate the varied responses and challenges to fostering solidarity in the regional landscape. During the Nepal earthquake in 2015, an outpour of regional response from the neighboring countries was witnessed; in contrast, the limited cooperation to the increasing displacement of Rohingya populations in Bangladesh showcased the tepid and selective nature of regional solidarity.
Despite sharing borders and historical ties, the response to humanitarian catastrophes has been largely fragmented in South Asia, reflecting complex geopolitical dynamics. These events underscore the need for a paradigm shift towards genuine regional solidarity and collective action.
Conventional humanitarian aid structures, often spearheaded by the Global North, usually fail to address the diverse populace of South Asia. Nevertheless, gradual shifts have seen regional players taking a more proactive role, signaling a potential reconfiguration of the humanitarian ecosystem in South Asia. In this context, it is imperative to reemphasize the need for greater cooperation in regional policies, so that tangible actions can swiftly be taken in times of crisis.
Women and girls on the move face critical health challenges. Their access to life-saving medical care is often limited due to violence, financial constraints, or insecurity. Lacking access to family planning services, they are at an increased risk of sexual violence, STIs, unwanted pregnancies, and unsafe abortions.
Whether they are refugees, migrants, asylum seekers, internally displaced, or fleeing conflict or persecution, they are often exposed to various forms of trauma. These traumatic experiences can have profound and lasting effects on their mental health. The stigma surrounding mental health issues can prevent women on the move from accessing the support they need.
Whether it is the Rohingya women in Myanmar, Bangladesh, and Malaysia, the millions of internally displaced women and girls struggling in Afghanistan, or the women on their migration route through Latin America, they all require gender-sensitive strategies to ensure an effective response to their specific health needs.
Civil society, human rights activists, and humanitarian organizations across South Asia are facing an increasing variety of challenges. In regions including Bangladesh, India, and Afghanistan, there have been notable restrictions on freedoms. Human rights groups from the region note over 600 instances of enforced disappearances since 2009. In Bangladesh, during election periods, there have been reported instances of severe restrictions being placed on dissenting voices. In India, numerous NGOs face operational challenges due to perceived national security threats, leading to a withdrawal of licenses. Meanwhile, in Afghanistan, women advocating for human rights consistently encounter various threats and obstacles.
The Asia-Pacific region has seen a restrictive trend in civic freedoms, with numerous governments limiting public space and rights, according to the Civicus Monitor. In light of this, there is an urgent need for collaborative international efforts to address these restrictions on civic freedoms. It is vital for governments and global leaders to engage actively in expanding and protecting civic spaces.